FTP and FTPS protocol
Summary
FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is an ancient yet ubiquitous network protocol used to transfer files between a client and a server over a network. FTP is not secure, as it transmits data, including login credentials, in plaintext. Also, it requires multiple ports to be operational, making it more complicated to set up on firewalls and proxy servers, as opposed to SFTP.
FTPS (FTP over TLS/SSL) is an extension of FTP that adds TLS (Transport Layer Security) or SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) encryption, ensuring secure authentication and data transfer, but still requires additional firewall configuration due to its multiple port usage.
Active and passive modes
Buru SFTP Server supports FTP in both active and passive mode, giving users flexibility in how they connect to the server. In the legacy active mode, the client opens a port and listens for the server's connection. In passive mode, the server opens a port, and the client connects to it. This dual-mode support ensures compatibility with various network configurations, including firewalls and NAT setups.
TLS/SSL
FTPS transfers are secured using the latest version of TLS (a protocol that used to be called SSL). For specific scenarios, it is still possible to run plain FTP without a secure transmission channel, but unless you have a really good reason to do so, this is not recommended.
The server supports both Explicit and Implicit modes for FTP.
- Implicit mode
- The connection starts with encryption enabled from the very beginning, without requiring additional client commands.
- Explicit mode
- The client establishes an unencrypted connection and can optionally request an upgrade to a secure TLS/SSL connection.
Supported extensions
Buru server supports common FTP extensions including:
- EPRT and EPSV (Extended Passive Mode) for improved performance with clients connecting from behind the firewall and for IPv6;
- CLNT and CSID (Client / Server Identification) for better identification of connecting clients;
- MLST and MLSD for easier machine-processing of listing output;
- and many others.
See also:
Buru Server Features
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